Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Tobias Sander

Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Tobias Sander

Aufgabenbereich
Laseroptische Messverfahren in der Thermo- und Fluiddynamik zur Bestimmung von Geschwindigkeits-, Spezies- und Temperaturfeldern

 

Veröffentlichungen

M. Son, T. Sander, M. Pfitzner, L. Zigan: Comparison of Imaging Methods for Transcritical Sprays, 31. Deutscher Flammentag, 27-28 September 2023, Berlin, Germany.

A. Doehring, M. Klein, M. Son, M. Pfitzner, L. Zigan, T. Sander: Assessment of SGS Models in Transcritical
Injection Processes, 14^th International ERCOFTAC Symposium on Engineering Turbulence Modelling and Measurements (ETMM14), 6 - 8 September 2023, Barcelona, Spain.

J.-E. Brune, L. Jakobs, T. Sander, Ch. Mundt: Bestimmung der freien Anströmungsbedingungen am Hochenthalpie-Labor München (HELM), 30. GALA Fachtagung, Lasermethoden in der Strömungsmesstechnik, 5-7 September 2023, München, Germany.

M. Son, T. Sander, M. Pfitzner, L. Zigan, A. Doehring, M. Klein: Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Cyclopentane Sprays in Transcritical Environment, Proceedings of the 32^nd Conference on Liquid Atomization & Spray Systems (ILASS Europe 2023), 4-7 September 2023, Napoli, Italy.

T. Jeyaseelan, M. Son, T. Sander, L. Zigan: Application of Machine Learning Techniques to Model the Temporal Evolution of Ethanol Sprays, Proceedings of the 32^nd Conference on Liquid Atomization & Spray Systems (ILASS Europe 2023), 4-7 September 2023, Napoli, Italy.

T. Jeyaseelan, M. Son, T. Sander, L. Zigan: Experimental and modeling analysis of the transient spray characteristics of cyclopentane at sub- and transcritical conditions using a machine learning approach, Physics of Fluids, Volume 35, Issue 8, 2023, doi: 10.1063/5.0159979.

M. Son, T. Sander, M. Pfitzner, L. Zigan: Phase Change Characteristics of Cyclopentane Droplets at near critical conditions, Proceedings of the Europe-Korea Conference on Science and Technology (EKC), 14-18 August 2023, Munich, Germany.

M. Son, T. Sander, M. Pfitzner, L. Zigan: Optical Characterization of Sub- and Transcritical Fuel Sprays using Shadowgraphy,
Mie-scattering and Infrared Radiation Measurements, Proceedings of the 11^th European Combustion Meeting, 26-28 April 2023, Rouen, France.

L. Jakobs, T. Sander, Ch. Mundt: Temperature and Velocity Measurement in a Shock Tube with Homodyne and Heterodyne Grating Spectroscopy, Proceedings of the AIAA Aviation 2023 Forum, AIAA 2023-4268, 12-16 June 2023, San Diego, USA, doi: 10.2514/6.2023-4268.

T. Sander, L. Jakobs, J.-E. Brune, Ch. Mundt: Measuring the Free-Stream Turbulence Spectrum in the Shock Tunnel HELM using the Focused Laser Differential Interferometry (FLDI), Proceedings of the 25^th AIAA International Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies Conference, AIAA 2023-3026.c1, 28 May-1 June 2023, Bengaluru, India, doi: 10.2514/6.2023-3026.c1.

M. C. Müller, T. Sander, Ch. Mundt: Development and testing of a multi-spectral and multi-field of view imaging system for space-based signature detection and tracking of hypersonic vehicles, Proceedings Volume 12546 of the SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing, Sensors and Systems for Space Applications XVI, 30 April-4 May 2023, Orlando, USA, 1254604 (13 June 2023), doi: 10.1117/12.2663480.

T. Sander, M. Lettl, C. Walter, Ch. Mundt: Two‑dimensional laser‑induced fluorescence thermometry in a medium‑ to high‑enthalpy CO2 flow, Applied Physics B 129, 63, 2023, doi: 10.1007/s00340-023-07997-x.

J.-E. Brune, T. Sander, T. Rödiger, K. Huber, Ch. Mundt: Experimental Investigation of Atomic Layer Thermopile Heat-Flux Sensors in a Shock Tube, Proceedings of the AIAA SciTech Forum, AIAA 2023-2263, 23-27 January 2023, National Harbor, USA, doi: 10.2514/6.2023-2263.

R. Dalshad, T. Sander, L. Fischer, P. Breda, M. Pfitzner: Investigation of reacting fuel jets in hot vitiated crossflow, Aerospace Science and Technology, Volume 132, January 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.ast.2022.108084.

P. Neumann, A. Das Sharma, L. Viot, T. Trummler, A. Doehring, M. Son, T. Sander, M. Pfitzner L. Zigan, M. Klein, F. Gratl, S. Newcome, H.-J. Bungartz, I. Nitzke, S. Homes, J. Vrabec, R. Stierle, J. Gross, A. Auweter, N. Tippmann: MaST: Scale-Bridging Exploration of Transcritical Fluid Systems, dtec.bw-Beiträge der Helmut-Schmidt-Universität / Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg Forschungsaktivitäten im Zentrum für Digitalisierungs- und Technologieforschung der Bundeswehr dtec.bw, 2022, doi:10.24405/14537.

M. Son, T. Sander, M. Pfitzner, L. Zigan: Investigation of sub- and transcritical fuel spray processes using shadowgraphy, Mie scattering and infrared radiation measurements, Proceedings of the Thermodynamik-Kolloquium 2022, 26-28 September 2022, Chemnitz, Germany.

C. Walter, T. Sander, P. Smirnov, J. Schein, Ch. Mundt: Laser-induced Fluorescence for the Characterization of the Capacitively Coupled RF-Plasma Thruster C-STAR, Proceedings of the 73^rd International Astronautical Congress (IAC), 18-22 September 2022, Paris, France.

M. Son, T. Sander, L. Zigan, M. Pfitzner: Optical Diagnostics for Fuel Sprays in a High-Pressure and High-Temperature Chamber, Proceedings of the Europe-Korea Conference on Science and Technology (EKC), 19-22 July 2022, Marseille, France.

C. Abram, M. Straußwald, T. Sander, L. Zigan, M. Pfitzner: Applications of Thermographic Particle Image Velocimetry to Film Cooling Flow Experiments in a Closed Loop Wind Tunnel, Proceedings of the 20^th International Symposium on Applications of Laser and Imaging Techniques to Fluid Mechanics, 11-14 July 2022, Lisbon, Portugal.

M. C. Müller, T. Sander, Ch. Mundt: SeRANIS' Multispectral Object Sensing by AI-processed Cameras (MOSAIC) Experiment - a Preliminary Design Study, Proceedings of the 2^nd International Conference on Flight Vehicles, Aerothermodynamics and Re-entry Missions & Engineering (FAR), 19-23 June 2022, Heilbronn, Germany.

T. Sander, J. Weber, Ch. Mundt: Simultaneous thermometry and velocimetry for a shock tunnel using homodyne and heterodyne detection, Applied Physics B 128, 150, 2022, doi: 10.1007/s00340-022-07850-7.

M. Thele, C. Selcan, T. Sander, T. Rödiger, Ch. Mundt: Bluntness-Dependent Hypersonic Boundary-Layer Modes’ Excitation, Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, Volume 59, No. 5, 2022, doi: 10.2514/1.A35127.

M. Straußwald, T. Sander, C. Abram, M. Pfitzner: Investigating the influence of mainstream turbulence and large vortices on gas turbine trenched film cooling flows using planar temperature-velocity imaging, Journal of Turbomachinery, TURBO-21-1260, Volume 144(10): 101013, July 2022, doi: 10.1115/1.4054215.

R. Dalshad, T. Sander, M. Pfitzner: Characterization of a Newly Designed Test Bench for Investigations of Flame–Wall Interaction, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Transactions of the ASME, GTP-21-1423, Volume 144(4): 041006, April 2022, doi: 10.1115/1.4052264.

R. Dalshad, T. Sander, M. Pfitzner: Experimental investigation of near-wall reaction of transverse fuel jets in crossflow, 30. Deutscher Flammentag, 28-29 September 2021, Hannover-Garbsen, Germany.

R. Dalshad, T. Sander, M. Pfitzner: Characterization of a Newly Designed Test Bench for Investigations of Flame-Wall-Interaction, Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo 2021 & Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition, GT2021-59170, 7-11 June 2021, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, doi: 10.1115/GT2021-59170.

C. Selcan, T. Sander, Ch. Mundt: In situ nozzle reservoir thermometry by laser‑induced grating spectroscopy in the HELM free‑piston reflected shock tunnel, Shock Waves, Volume 31, pp. 551–570, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s00193-020-00982-9.

M. Straußwald, C. Abram, T. Sander, F. Beyrau, M. Pfitzner: Time‑resolved temperature and velocity field measurements in gas turbine film cooling flows with mainstream turbulence, Experiments in Fluids, Volume 62:3, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s00348-020-03087-2.

M. Straußwald, T. Sander, C. Abram, F. Beyrau, M. Pfitzner: kHz-rate 2D temperature-velocity measurements using ZnO phosphor particles in gas turbine film cooling flows with mainstream turbulence, Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Phosphor Thermometry (ICPT), 27-29 June 2020, Magdeburg, Germany.

M. Hosbach, R. Skoda, T. Sander, U. Leuteritz, M. Pfitzner: On the temperature influence on cavitation erosion in micro-channels, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Volume 117, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2020.110140.

R. Dalshad, T. Sander, M. Pfitzner: Experimental investigation of auto-ignition in nonpremixed gaseous CH₄/hot air cross flows, 29. Deutscher Flammentag, 17-18 September 2019, Bochum, Germany.

T. Sander, P. Altenhöfer, L. Kleiner, Ch. Mundt: Investigation of NO2 Absorption Behaviour around 593 nm for Seeding Purposes, International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA), Volume 9, Issue 8, pp. 4-11, 2019, doi: 10.9790/9622-0908030411.

C. Selcan, T. Sander, Ch. Mundt: Nozzle Reservoir Thermometry by LIGS in the HELM Free Piston Reflected Shock Tunnel, 32^nd International Symposium on Shock Waves (ISSW32), 14-19 July 2019, Singapore, Singapore

Ch. Mundt, C. Selcan, T. Sander: Investigations in the Piston-Driven Shock Tunnel HELM, 32^nd International Symposium on Shock Waves (ISSW32), 14-19 July 2019, Singapore, Singapore

M. Hosbach, S. Gitau, T. Sander, U. Leuteritz, M. Pfitzner: Effect of Taper, Pressure and Temperature on Cavitation Extent and Dynamics in Micro-Channels, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Volume 108, pp. 25-38, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2019.05.012.

P. Altenhöfer, T. Sander, F. Koroll, Ch. Mundt: LIGS Measurements in the Nozzle Reservoir of a Free-Piston Shock Tunnel, Shock Waves, Volume 29, Issue 2, pp. 307-320, 2019, doi: 10.1007/s00193-018-0808-2.

T. Roos, A. S. Pudsey, T. Sander, J. Garcia-Garrido, Ch. Mundt, M. Bricalli: Numerical Investigation of High Temperature CO₂-N₂ Flows in a Plasma Wind Tunnel Facility, International Conference on High-Speed Vehicle Science & Technology (HiSST 2018) , 26-29 November 2018, Moscow, Russia.

T. Sander, M. Kirschner, A. S. Pudsey, Ch. Mundt: Temperature Measurements in a Carbon Dioxide Flow using Laser-Induced Fluorescence, International Conference on High-Speed Vehicle Science & Technology (HiSST 2018) , 26-29 November 2018, Moscow, Russia.

R. Dalshad, M. Straußwald, T. Sander, M. Pfitzner: Isothermal PIV Measurement of Planar Film Injection with Regard to Reactive Film Cooling, 5th International Conference on Experimental Fluid Mechanics (ICEFM 2018 Munich), 2-4 July 2018, München, Germany.

M. Hosbach, T. Sander, U. Leuteritz, M. Pfitzner: Effect of Taper on Cavitation in a 2D Flow Channel, 5th International Conference on Experimental Fluid Mechanics (ICEFM 2018 Munich), 2-4 July 2018, München, Germany.

A. Bakhtiari, T. Sander, M. Straußwald, M. Pfitzner: Active Turbulence Generation for Film Cooling Investigations, Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2018: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition GT2018, GT2018-76451, 11-15 June 2018, Oslo, Norway, doi: 10.1115/GT2018-76451.

M. Straußwald, T. Sander, A. Bakhtiari, M. Pfitzner: High-Speed Velocity Measurements of Film Cooling Applications at High-Turbulence Main Flow Conditions, Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2018: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition GT2018, GT2018-76458, 11-15 June 2018, Oslo, Norway, doi: 10.1115/GT2018-76458.

M. Hosbach, T. Sander, U. Leuteritz, M. Pfitzner: Temperature and Pressure Effects on Cavitation Erosion in Diesel-Like Fuels, 10th International Symposium on Cavitation (CAV 2018), 14-16 May 2018, Baltimore, USA.

C. Selcan, T. Sander, M. Thele, Ch. Mundt: Research Status and Recent Results in the HELM Shock-Tunnel, 12th International Workshop on Shock Tube Technology (IWSTT), 12-13 April 2018, Kakuda, Japan.

C. Selcan, T. Sander, P. Altenhöfer, F. Koroll, Ch. Mundt: Stagnation Temperature Measurements in a Shock-Tunnel Facility Using Laser-Induced Grating Spectroscopy, Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer, Volume 32, Issue 1, pp. 226-236, 2018, doi: 10.2514/1.T5199.

M. Kirschner, A. S. Pudsey, F. Koroll, T. Sander, Ch. Mundt: Laser-Induced Fluorescence Investigations for Temperature Measurements in a Carbon Dioxide Flow, Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer, Volume 32, Issue 1, pp. 216-225, 2018, doi: 10.2514/1.T5052.

C. Selcan, T. Sander, F. Koroll, Ch. Mundt: Stagnation Temperature Measurements in a Shock-Tunnel Facility Using Laser-Induced Grating Spectroscopy, 55th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, AIAA-2017-0444, 9-13 January 2017, Grapevine, USA, doi: 10.2514/6.2017-0444.

M. Straußwald, T. Sander, M. Pfitzner: Heat Transfer Coefficient Measurements for Film Cooling Flows with On-Glass IR Thermometry, 3rd Workshop on Infrared Technologies, 7-8 November 2016, Olching, Germany.

Ch. Mundt, M. Kirschner, A. Pudsey, T. Sander: Improvement and Qualification of a Plasma Wind-Tunnel for CO2 Flows for Mars Entry Testing, 67th International Astronautical Congress (IAC), 26-30 September 2016, Guadalajara, Mexico.

C. Selcan, P. Altenhöfer, T. Sander, Ch. Mundt: Recent Progress towards High-Temperature Gasdynamics in the Free-Piston Shock Tunnel HELM, 11th International Workshop of Shock Tube Technology (IWSTT), 29 June 2016, Göttingen, Germany.

T. Sander: Optische Messmethoden in der Aerothermodynamik/Thermofluiddynamik, Habilitation, Universität der Bundeswehr München, 2016, ISBN: 978-3-943207-18-7.

M. Kirschner, J. Garcia-Garrido, T. Sander, Ch. Mundt: Temperature Measurements in an Arc-Heated Plasma Wind Tunnel by Laser-Induced Fluorescence, Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer, Volume 30, Issue 1, pp. 42-53, 2016, doi: 10.2514/1.T4640.

T. Sander, P. Altenhöfer, Ch. Mundt: Temperature Measurements in a Shock Tube Using Laser-Induced Grating Spectroscopy, Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer, Volume 30, Issue 1, pp. 62-66, 2016, doi: 10.2514/1.T4556.

T. Sander, P. Altenhöfer, Ch. Mundt: Temperature Measurements in a Shock Tube using Laser-Induced Thermal Grating Spectroscopy, Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on the Methods of Aerophysical Research (ICMAR), Volume 1, pp. 178-179, 30 June - 6 July 2014, Novosibirsk, Russia.

M. Kirschner, T. Sander, Ch. Mundt: Rotational Temperature Measurement in an Arc-Heated Wind Tunnel by Laser Induced Fluorescence of Nitric Oxide A-X(0,0), 30th AIAA Aerodynamic Measurement Technology and Ground Testing Conference, AIAA-2014-2528, 16-20 June 2014, Atlanta, USA, doi: 10.2514/6.2014-2528.

T. Sander, P. Altenhöfer, Ch. Mundt: Development of Laser-Induced Grating Spectroscopy for Application in Shock Tunnels, Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer, Volume 28, Issue 1, pp. 27-31, 2014, doi: 10.2514/1.T4131.

S. Hatzl, M. Kirschner, V. Lippig, T. Sander, Ch. Mundt, M. Pfitzner: Direct Measurements of Infrared Normal Spectral Emissivity of Solid Materials for High-Temperature Applications, International Journal of Thermophysics, Volume 34, Issue 11, pp. 2089-2101, 2013, doi: 10.1007/s10765-013-1531-y.

T. Sander, P. Altenhöfer, Ch. Mundt, M. Pfitzner: Einsatz von Laserinduzierter Gitterspektroskopie zur Bestimmung der Temperatur in Reagierenden Strömungen, 26. Deutscher Flammentag, Verbrennung und Feuerung, VDI-Berichte 2161, 785-790, 11-12 September 2013, Duisburg, Germany.

J. Gerold, T. Sander, M. Pfitzner: Phasengekoppelte Konzentrationsmessung in einem Transienten Gas- Freistrahl mittels Laserinduzierter Fluoreszenz, 21. GALA Fachtagung, Lasermethoden in der Strömungsmesstechnik, 3-5 September 2013, München, Germany.

M. Kirschner, T. Sander, Ch. Mundt: Laser Induced Fluorescence of Nitric Oxide A-X(0,0) in High Enthalpy Flow, 21. GALA Fachtagung, Lasermethoden in der Strömungsmesstechnik, 3-5 September 2013, München, Germany.

T. Sander, P. Altenhöfer, Ch. Mundt: Experimental Study on the Applicability of Laser-Induced Grating Spectroscopy for Temperature Measurements in Shock Tunnels and Shock Tubes, 18th AIAA/3AF International Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies Conference, AIAA-2012-5955, 24-28 September 2012, Tours, France, doi: 10.2514/6.2012-5955.

T. Sander, P. Altenhöfer, M. Pfitzner, Ch. Mundt: Temperature Measurements using Laser-Induced Electrostrictive Gratings and Laser-Induced Thermal Gratings, Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on the Methods of Aerophysical Research (ICMAR), Volume 2, pp. 234-235, 19-25 August 2012, Kazan, Russia.

S. Hatzl, T. Sander, Ch. Mundt: One-dimensional Measurements of High Enthalpy Flow Temperature using Spontaneous Raman Spectroscopy, 17th AIAA International Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies Conference, AIAA-2011-2212, 11-14 April 2011, San Francisco, USA, doi: 10.2514/6.2011-2212.

P. Altenhöfer, T. Sander, Ch. Mundt: Preliminary Experiments for Temperature Measurements in Shock Tunnels using Laser-Induced Electrostrictive Gratings, 17th AIAA International Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies Conference, AIAA-2011-2211, 11-14 April 2011, San Francisco, USA, doi: 10.2514/6.2011-2211.

S. Hatzl, T. Sander, Ch. Mundt: Measurements of High Enthalpy Flow Temperature with a One-Dimensional Spontaneous Raman Spectroscopy Procedure, 27th AIAA Aerodynamic Measurement Technology and Ground Testing Conference, AIAA-2010-4809, 28 June - 1 July 2010, Chicago, USA, doi: 10.2514/6.2010-4809.

A. Lyubar, T. Sander, T. Sattelmayer: Design and Testing of Gasdynamically Optimized Fuel Injectors for the Piloting of Supersonic Flames with Low Losses, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Basic Research and Technologies for Two-Stage-to-Orbit Vehicles, Collaborative Research Centres 253, 255 and 259, chapter 5.2, pp. 284-307, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, 2005, ISBN: 3-527-27735-8.

T. Sander, A. Lyubar, H. Emberger, T. Sattelmayer: Novel Two-Stage Injector for Flame Stabilization in Supersonic Flows, AIAA Journal, Volume 43, Issue 10, pp. 2218-2223, 2005, doi: 10.2514/1.4209.

T. Sander, A. Lyubar, E. A. Shafranovsky, T. Sattelmayer: Influence of the Burnout in Vitiators on Ignition Limits in Scramjet Combustors, AIAA Journal, Volume 42, Issue 2, pp. 319-325, 2004, doi: 10.2514/1.9096.

T. Sander: Verlustarme Pilotierung von Überschallflammen durch gasdynamisch optimierte Nebenstrom-Injektoren, Dissertation, Technische Universität München, 2003.

T. Sander, A. Lyubar, T. Sattelmayer: NeuartigerWasserstoffinjektor zur Flammenstabilisierung in einer Überschallströmung, Seminar des Sonderforschungsbereichs 255, 2002, München, Germany.

A. Lyubar, T. Sander, T. Sattelmayer: Einfluss des Vorheizerausbrands auf die Flammenstabilisierung in einer Überschallbrennkammer, Seminar des Sonderforschungsbereichs 255, 2002, München, Germany.

A. Lyubar, T. Sander, T. Sattelmayer: Novel Two Stage Injector for Hydrogen Flame Stabilization in Supersonic Airflow, 11th AIAA/AAAF International Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies Conference, AIAA-2002-5229, 29 September - 4 October 2002, Orléans, France.

T. Sander, A. Lyubar, T. Sattelmayer: Application of Spontaneous Raman Scattering to the Flowfield in a Scramjet Combustor, Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on the Methods of Aerophysical Research (ICMAR), Volume 2, pp. 143-147, 1-7 July 2002, Akademgorodok, Novosibirsk – Denisova Cave, Altai region, Russia.

A. Lyubar, T. Sander, T. Sattelmayer: Numerical Investigation of Fuel Mixing, Ignition and Flame Stabilization by a Strut Injector in a Scramjet Combustor, Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on the Methods of Aerophysical Research (ICMAR), Volume 2, pp. 122-127, 1-7 July 2002, Akademgorodok, Novosibirsk - Denisova Cave, Altai region, Russia.

Lyubar, T. Sander, T. Sattelmayer: Selbstzündung, Flammenstabilisierung und Stoß-Flammen-Wechselwirkung in stoßinduzierten Überschallflammen, Arbeits- und Ergebnisbericht, Sonderforschungsbereich 255, 2001, Stuttgart, Germany.

Lyubar, T. Sander, T. Sattelmayer: Numerische Voruntersuchung zu einer reagierenden Überschallströmung in einer Modellbrennkammer, Seminar des Sonderforschungsbereichs 255, 2000, München, Germany.

Sander, A. Lyubar, T. Sattelmayer: Ramanspektroskopie an einer reagierenden Überschallströmung und reaktionskinetische Untersuchung eines Wasserstoff-Vorheizers, Seminar des Sonderforschungsbereichs 255, 2000, München, Germany.

Orgzall, B. Lorenz, P. K. Dorhout, P. M. Van Calcar, K. Brister, T. Sander, H. D. Hochheimer: High Pressure Optical and X-Ray Diffraction Studies of two Polymorphs of K(RE)P2Se6 (RE = Pr and Tb), Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, Volume 61, Issue 1, pp. 123-134, 2000, doi: 10.1016/S0022-3697(99)00012-8.